A field experiment was conducted during 2005 to study the effect of earthworm stocking rates on vermicomposting of two crop wastes viz., soybean waste (Glycine max L.) and millet straw (Panicum milliare Lamk.). With the increase in earthworm stocking from 100 to 250 worms per 1.0 ´ 1.0 ´ 0.5 m vermi bed, population growth and vermicompost production rates increased progressively, in both the substrates. But the productivity per worm was found to be highest at 100 worm inoculation density (0.11)and it decreased with the increase in earthworm density. Between the two crop residues, soybean residue was found to be a good substrate for cocoon production(14.64), development of worms(49.19) and eventual vermicompost production (16.25) compared to millet straw. Considering various parameters observed in the study, 100 worms per bed of 1.0 ´ 1.0 ´ 0.5 m appears to be the optimum inoculation density for vermicomposting of agricultural wastes.