The studies on biology of the rice gall midge carried out under Mangalore conditions revealed that the pest completed its life cycle in 20±3.75 days on Jaya with egg, larval, pupal periods and adult longevity of 2.84±0.68, 9.75±2.02, 4.75±0.92 and 2.5±0.60 days, respectively. Under laboratory conditions the insect completed its life cycle in 15.5±3.0 days with egg, larval, pupal period and adult longevity of 2.25±0.75, 8.37± 1.37, 3.25±0.75 and 2.0±0.5 days, respectively. During the off season the pest survived on sprouts from the rice stubbles left over after the harvest of the paddy crop. None of the plants growing wild around the plots served as alternate hosts for the pests at both the locations. Monitoring of rice gall midge adults at revealed that adults did not follow a definite trend in their emergence pattern at both the locations. However, maximum adults were trapped during September and July at Mangalore. While, the maximum number of adults were trapped during October at Mandya. Observations on natural enemies of rice gall midge revealed that Platygaster oryzae was the dominant species.