Journal of FARM SCIENCES, Vol 22, No 3 (2009)

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Bird perches for sustainable management of pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) in chickpea ecosystem

J.B. Gopali, Raju Teggelli, M. Mannur, Suhas Yelshetty

Abstract


Field experiments were conducted for five years from 2002 to 2007 to make an assessment of beneficial role played by natural enemies such as predatory birds, coccinellids, wasps and parasitoid such as tachinid in chickpea ecosystem at the Agricultural Research Station, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India. The study revealed that sowing of sunflower (50 g/ha) and sorghum (50 g/ha) along with chickpea seeds recorded lower larval number (0.35 larvae/m row) over no live bird perch (4.12 larvae/m row). Sunflower acted as most suitable live bird perch in chickpea ecosystem as it is very fast growing plant and provided rigid support for alighting insectivorous birds right from vegetative stage till maturity of the crop. Major predatory birds alighted on sunflower perch reducing the larval number in the shortest time. Predatory wasps carrying large number of larvae was recorded on sunflower plants. The number of coccinellids (0.32/plant) were higher on sunflower plants. Similarly population of tachinid fly (0.57 flies/plant) was highest accounting 75 to 90 per cent parasitization of late instar larvae.  The study concluded that sowing of sunflower (50 g/ha) and sorghum (50 g/ha) along with chickpea seeds recorded higher grain yield of chickpea (9.64 q/ha) with highest net returns (Rs. 20910/ha) and IB:C ratio (1:7.55) over profenophos 50 EC @ 3.0 ml/l (1:5.12) as a standard check suggesting low cost, eco-friendly, easily acceptable and adoptable technology for management of chickpea pod borer.

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