Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) envisions a food–secure world and aims at a hunger-free society. FAO further emphasizes, that food security depends more on socio-economic conditions than on agro-climatic zones and on access to food rather than the production or physical availability of food. Contrary to the common perception of food security being just a function of food availability, it is important to also consider three other components, namely, food accessibility, food utilization and food system stability. It is also necessary to go beyond ‘food security’ and aim at ‘nutrition security’ as pleaded by Dr. Swaminathan for a healthy and active society, where every child can realise its full genetic potential. This is very important for India, which is hoping to take advantage of its demographic dividend for growth and development. While India’s agriculture sector has made great strides, the productivity of various crops is expected to be hit by global warming leading to climate change over the next few decades. The mean temperatures have been rising in India and is expected to go up by 2 - 30c by the end of the century. The challenges of ensuring food security for the growing population of India will be compounded by the various effects of climate change including variations in mean temperature, mean precipitation, higher frequency & intensity of floods & droughts. This article examines the interplay of climate change and food security issues and suggests mitigation & adaptation strategies. It would in the context be important to also consider livestock as integral to livelihood & food security issues in India’s agrarian economy, dominated by landless agricultural labour and small & marginal farmers