The interrelationship of personality traits and marital satisfaction of working and non-working adult women wasstudied on a sample of 60 married women of age less than 60years (30 each of working and non-working). The samplewomen were selected from the urban area of Imphal-West, Manipur by using purposive sampling technique. The Big FiveInventory by John et al. (1991) and Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire developed by Haynes et al. (1992) were administeredon the selected women to assess their personality traits and the marital satisfaction respectively. The results revealed thatthere was a significant difference with regard to the marital satisfaction between the working and the non-working women,wherein the working women were significantly more satisfied than the non-working women. The two groups differedsignificantly in all the five personality traits viz., extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability andopenness to experience. The working adult women scored higher in all the traits as compared to the non working women.Also, correlation analysis showed significant positive relationship between openness to experience trait of personality andmarital satisfaction among the working women. However there was no significant relationship between marital satisfactionand any of the five personality traits among the non-working women.