The study on “Influence of Maternal Knowledge, Self Efficacy and Home Environment on Infant DevelopmentOutcomes in Rural and Urban Areas” of Dharwad, Karnataka state was conducted in the year 2012 on a sample of 80 mothersof infants. Home environment was assessed by using Home Inventory for 0-3 years age group(1984) by Bradley andCaldwell, Sud’s Self –Efficacy scale(1998) was applied to assess the self efficacy of the mothers. Maternal Knowledge onInfant Development was elicited by administering Knowledge of Infant Development Index(KIDI,1983) by David Mac Pheeand Nutritional anthropometry was employed to assess the infant’s physical development. Mean scores indicated that ruralmothers had slightly higher knowledge (37.4) than urban (36.8) mothers. There was no significant relationship betweenmaternal education and maternal knowledge regarding infant development. Also, rural mothers had high level of self efficacy(87.5%) compared to urban mothers (77.5%). But urban mothers provided good home environment (92.5%) compared torural mothers (7.5%) .There was no significant influence of maternal knowledge ( r = 0.13) regarding infant development andself efficacy on infant developmental outcomes. However, home environment had significant influence on infant’s physicaldevelopment outcome which was evident in more number of infants in urban area falling in normal nutritional status (40%)while 80% rural infants were in undernourished category.