An investigation on influence of fruit maturity on seed yield and quality was conducted with two chilli varieties viz., Byadagi kaddi and Dyavanur local.  The pooled data of the yield indicated that the seeds extracted from the fruits harvested at 110 and 95 days after transplanting recorded higher seed yield (159.61 and 140.05 kg/ha respectively).  The pooled results on yield components like fruit length (12.52 and 13.70 cm), number of fruits per plant (35.63 and 28.94), fruit weight (1.19 and 1.19g), fruit yield per plant (30.00 and 27.09g) were higher in second (110 DAT) and first picking fruits (95 DAT) respectively over third (125 DAT) and fourth  picking of fruits (140 DAT).